History of Chinese Embroidery
Chinese embroidery has a long history. As Longevity embroidery "and" Token embroidery "discovered Mawangdui Han Tomb in Changsha, Hunan Province, indicate, it reached a fairly high level of development for years 2000-3000. Jia Wang Dynasty Jin wrote in omissions Good: "In the period of Three Kingdoms, Madame Zhao, the wife of his Lord, the head of Wu, could embroider the map of all kingdoms on a piece of silk fabric, with mountain ranges, rivers and sees everything clearly demonstrated. People of that time, he described as the needle great job. "The said map was perhaps the oldest embroidery registered in China.
Embroidery, a Folk Art with a long tradition, has an important position in the history of Chinese art and crafts. In its long development embroidery has been inseparable from collection of silkworms and silk reeling and weaving.
China was the first country in the world to weave silk. Silkworms have domesticated as far back as 5000 years ago. The son of silk production and fabrics gave rise to the art of embroidery. In 1958, a piece of silk embroidered with a dragon and the phoenix has been discovered in a state of Chu tomb of the Warring States period-(475-221BC). More than 2,000 years, it is the oldest Chinese embroidery never uncovered. Embroidery was widespread during the Han Dynasty (AD220-206) and many embroidered pieces discovered date from this period.
Today, silk embroidery is practiced nearly all over China. The four famous embroideries in China refer to the Xiang embroidery in the central province of Hunan, Shu embroidery in western Sichuan Province, Yue embroidery in southern Guangdong Province and Su embroidery in eastern province of Jiangsu.
Xiang Embroidery
Xiang embroidery is well known for its long history, excellent craftsmanship and unique style. The oldest piece Xiang embroidery has been discovered in the No. 1 tomb Mawangdui, Changsha City of the Han Dynasty (AD220-206). The weaving technique was almost same as that used in modern times, which demonstrated that embroidery had already existed in the Han Dynasty. In its further development, embroidery Xiang has absorbed the characteristics of traditional Chinese paintings and formed its own characteristics. Xiang embroidery experienced its heyday at the end of the dynasty Qing (1644-1911) and in the beginning of the Republic of China (early 20th century), even surpassing Su embroidery. After the founding of the People's Republic China, Xiang embroidery was further improved and developed to a new level.
Xiang embroidery uses pure silk, satin, hard, soft satin and nylon as its material, which is connected to the son of colored silk. Absorbing the spirit of Chinese painting, embroidery reaches a high artistic level. Xiang embroidery crafts include valuable works of art, as well as materials for daily use.
Shu Embroidery
Also called Chuan embroidery, Shu embroidery is the general name for embroidery products in areas around Chengdu, Sichuan Province. Shu embroidery has a long history. From the Han Dynasty, Shu embroidery was already famous. The central government even designated an office in this area for its administration. During the period of Five Dynasties and Ten States periods (907-960), a peaceful society and large demand provided advanced conditions for development Rapid Shu embroidery industry. Shu embroidery experienced its peak development in the Song Dynasty (960-1279), first in the production and excellence. In the mid-Qing Dynasty, the Shu embroidery industry was formed. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Shu embroidery factories were established and the device has entered a new phase of
development, using innovative techniques and a variety of forms.
Originally from folk people in the west of Sichuan Province, Shu embroidery formed its own characteristics: customs smooth, bright, clean and influenced by the geographical environment, and cultures. The work included flowers, leaves, animals, mountains, rivers and human figures that their themes. In total there are 122 approaches in 12 categories for weaving. The know-how of Shu embroidery involves a combination of fine arts, aesthetics and practical uses, such as facings of quits, pillowcases, coats, shoots and covers the screen.
Yue Embroidery
Also called Guang embroidery, Yue embroidery is a general name for embroidery products in areas of Guangzhou, Shantou, Zhongshan, Shunde and Fanyu in the province Guangdong. According to historical records, in the first year of the reign of Yongyuan (805) during the Tang Dynasty (618-907), a girl named Lu Meiniang embroidered the seventh volume of Buddhist scripture Fahua on a piece of fine silk 30 cm long. Thus, the Yue embroidery became famous around the country. Prosperity Guangzhou Port of the Song Dynasty promoted the development of embroidery Yue, who began to export at this time. During the Qing Dynasty, the hair people as raw material for embroidery, Yue makes the work more vivid. During the reign of Qianlong (1736-1796) Qing, an industrial organization was established in Guangzhou. At that time, a large number of artisans dedicated to the craft, inciting further improvements to the technique weaving. Since 1915, the work of Yue embroidery won several awards at Expo Panama.
Influenced by national folk art, embroidery Yue formed its own characteristics. The embroidered pictures are mainly of dragons and phoenixes, and flowers and birds, with designs clean and strong, contrasting colors. Floss, thread and embroidery of gold and silk are used to produce costumes, decorations for halls and crafts for everyday use.
Su Embroidery
With a history of more than 3,000 years, Su embroidery is the generic name for embroidery products in areas around Suzhou, Jiangsu Province. The craft, which dates from the period of Three Kingdoms (220-280), became a sideline of people in the region of Suzhou Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). Well known for its finesse and delicacy, embroidery Suzhou Su won the title of the city of embroidery of the Qing Dynasty. In the midst and the late Qing, Su embroidery experienced further developments involving works of double-Sided Embroidery. There were 65 stores in the embroidery of Suzhou city. During the period of the Republic of China (1912-1949), the Su embroidery industry was in decline due to frequent wars and it was restored and regenerated after the founding of new China. In 1950, the central government set up research centers for Su embroidery and launched training courses for the study of embroidery. weaving methods have climbed 18 of the 40 present.
Su embroidery has a strong folk flavor, and its weaving techniques are characterized by the following: the product surface must be flat, the rim must be neat, the needle should be thin lines must be dense, the color must be harmonious and bright and the image must be even. Su embroidery products fall into three categories: costumes, decorations for halls and crafts for daily use, which integrate decorative and practical values. Double-sided embroidery is an excellent representative of Su embroidery.
In addition to the four major embroidery styles there embroidery Or Wenzhou, Zhejiang province Bian embroidery of Kaifeng, Henan Province and Han embroidery of Wuhan, Hubei Province.
About the Author
Himfr Ivy is a scholar, focusing his research on Chinese cultures. If you are interested in purchasing
China goods
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www.himfr.com
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